did wild bill hickok have children

In 1857, Hickok claimed a 160-acre (65ha) tract in Johnson County, Kansas, near present-day Lenexa. [25][26]:136 Hickok had not been paid for some time, and was hired as a scout by General John B. Sanborn by early 1865. Jane claimed that James Butler Hickok was the father of her child Jean . [45], Hickok later said he did not know that "Wesley Clemmons" was Hardin's alias, and that he was a wanted outlaw. Citizens warned Mulvey to behave, because Hickok was sheriff. Born in Homer (later called Troy Grove), Illinois, James Butler Hickok . Prairie Schooners is a 1940 American Western film directed by Sam Nelson, which stars Wild Bill Elliott as Hickok. Although the show brought Hickok some much-needed income, he was unhappy, began drinking heavily, and returned to the West in March 1874. McLintock used a cane to tap the body, face, and head, finding no soft tissue anywhere. Lonergan pinned Hickok to the ground, and Kyle put his gun to Hickok's ear. [33], In September 1865, Hickok came in second in the election for city marshal of Springfield. Hickok managed to fire another shot, wounding the bear's paw. But although there was an uncanny resemblance between the two, plus stories of Jane visiting the child, Shadley lacked any documentation to back up her claim. While at Castle City Jane went to Gilt Edge, some two hundred miles away, where she was jailed for being drunk. . All rights reserved. Did Nick McGlashan have a family? From William Alonzo and Polly Butler's marriage, they welcomed six children in total, and HIckon is the fourth among them all. The event haunted Hickok for the rest of his life. Alonzo and Polly Hickok moved to Illinois in 1833, finally settling in Troy Grove (known as Homer at the time), LaSalle County, along the banks of the Little Vermillion Creek. It ends with Hickok surviving the murder attempt due to wearing body armor and being shot in the back, then secretly leaving for a ranch in California. The trial did not last more than fifteen minutes.[23]. Wild Bill Hickok, byname of James Butler Hickok, (born May 27, 1837, Homer [now Troy Grove], Illinois, U.S.died August 2, 1876, Deadwood, Dakota Territory [now in South Dakota, U.S.]), American frontiersman, army scout, and lawman who helped bring order to the frontier West. Both parents were reputed to be unsavory, involved in petty crimes and often financially destitute. McCall was tried and acquitted of murder as a result of his dubious claim that the killing was in revenge for Hickoks murder of his brother in Abilene. Hickok's brother, Lorenzo Butler, traveled from Illinois to attend the retrial. He was found not guilty by a miners court after telling judges that Hickok killed his brother, though later accounts showed McCall had no brothers. [18] On March 22, 1858, he was elected one of the first four constables of Monticello Township. What do you know about Pete Spence, a member of the Cowboys of Tombstone? To date, four children have been credited to the lady, although some of the claims have come from the children themselves. It was at this time that Hickok came across a bear blocking a road, an encounter that would become part of the lore surrounding him: Hickok shot the bear, which only angered it, and a struggle ensued, during which Hickok used a knife to slit the bears throat, but not before he was nearly crushed to death. He traveled west to Deadwood, South Dakota, in a wagon train that included Martha Jane Cannary (Calamity Jane), who later claimed she had secretly married him. As a very young boy, Bill was born to father William Alonzo Hickok and mother Polly Butler. Keith Bell Manchester, United Kingdom Calamity Jane never married Wild Bill Hickok. [f], The regular county election was held on November 2, 1869. [citation needed] Although he was just 39, his marksmanship and health were apparently in decline, and he had been arrested several times for vagrancy,[53] despite earning a good income from gambling and displays of showmanship only a few years earlier. England and Wales company registration number 2008885. subscribe to All About History for as little as 26. "Wild Bill and the Timber Thieves. Visit our corporate site. Brady, like Varnes, had disappeared from Deadwood and could not be found. [1][2], James Butler Hickok was born May 27, 1837, in Homer, Illinois, (present-day Troy Grove, Illinois) to William Alonzo Hickok, a farmer and abolitionist, and his wife, Polly Butler. On the afternoon of August 2, 1876, he was playing cards with his back to the door, something he seldom did. (Not Really) Roughing It on the Mark Twain Trail, A Song of Praise for a Forgotten Folklore Collector, John Waynes Silver Screen Shootin Irons. According to Joseph G. Rosa, Hickok's biographer and the foremost authority on Wild Bill, Hickok killed only six or seven men in gunfights. The identity of the fifth card (his "hole card") is also the subject of debate. In her book Calamity Janes Daughter: The Story of Maude Weir, Weirs own daughter, Ruth Shadley, said her family secretly knew that Maudes real mother was Calamity Jane. Wild Bill Hickok was an American folk hero. It was here that he supposedly became romantically linked to Martha Jane Canary, also known as "Calamity Jane," but most historians discount any such amorous relationship between the two. The trial began on December 4 and it only took two days for the jury to find McCall guilty. Jean McCormick was the daughter of Jane "Calamity Jane" Cannary and James Butler "Wild Bill" Hickok. McCormick had a lot of written proof too, which was largely believed by those who met her. She has been labeled a scout, freighter, and gambler, a drunken dance hall queen and prostitute. In 1876 in Cheyenne, Wyoming Territory, Hickok married Agnes Lake Thatcher, a former circus performer. Nicholss version of the shootout in Harpers grabbed the publics attention, making Hickok an instant legend whose gunfighting prowess became fodder for dime novels. Later historians, however, have presented a radically different portrayal of the events at Rock Creek. The gun did not sell because the highest bid of $220,000 was less than the reserve set by the gun's owners.[76]. Hickok was of English ancestry. They traveled to Deadwood, South Dakota, together and were acquaintances, but there is no evidence of a romance (especially on his part). [51], Hickok was relieved of his duties as marshal less than two months after the accidental shooting, this incident being only one of a series of questionable shootings and claims of misconduct during his career. Were Wild Bill Hickok and Calamity Jane married, and did they have a daughter? Most newspapers referred to him as William Haycock until 1869. On September 4, Hickok was wounded in the foot while rescuing several cattlemen in the Bijou Creek basin who had been surrounded by Indians. He seemed to have respect for Hickok's abilities and replied, "If Bill needs killing, why don't you kill him yourself? He was later elected constable of Monticello Township in Johnson County, Kansas. Only station employees were allowed to testify at the trial (testimony by McCanless son was barred), and the verdict was that the men had acted in self-defense. In 1855, at the age of 18, he left to become a part of thegrowing American West. American folk hero and lawman (18371876), For the American football player and industrialist, see, Arapaho Joe and Colorado Charlie Utter at Hickok's grave, photograph date unknown, Pistols known to have been carried by Hickok. Upon being sprung, Jane whisked into Castle City, picked up the girl, and went on her way. [40]:192, On July 17, 1870, Hickok was attacked by two troopers from the 7th U.S. Cavalry, Jeremiah Lonergan and John Kyle (sometimes spelled Kile),[42] in a saloon. At the end of the trial, Judge Sempronius H. Boyd told the jury they could not find Hickok acted in self-defense if he could have reasonably avoided the fight. Leaving Springfield, he was recommended for the position of deputy federal marshal at Fort Riley, Kansas. Hickok was a favourite of Custer and his wife, Libbie, who described him as a delight to look upon. Hickoks physical appearance was by many accounts arresting. In any case, Hardin appeared to have thought highly of Hickok. Wild Bill Hickok begins to establish his reputation as a gunfighter after he shoots three men during a shootout in Nebraska. When Kyle's weapon misfired, Hickok shot Lonergan, wounding him in the knee, and shot Kyle twice, killing him. Hickok may have been acting sheriff before he was elected; a newspaper reported that he arrested offenders on August 18, and the commander of Fort Hays wrote a letter to the assistant adjutant general on August 21 in which he praised Hickok for his work in apprehending deserters. No other woman in the American west possesses a more enigmatic legacy than Martha Calamity Jane Canary. One account of him, written in the late 1860s, described Hickok as six feet tall, lithe, active, sinewy, [a] daring rider, [a] dead shot with pistol and rifle, [with] long locks, fine features and mustache, buckskin leggings, red shirt, broad-brim hat, twin pistols in belt, rifle in hand. Despite his rough-and-ready ways, Hickok was also said to have been genteel and courteous and to have enjoyed dressing with panache in the latest styles of the day. Before and during Hickok's lifetime (1837-1876), the most readily available firearms were cap-and-ball, or percussion. His father was said to have used the family house, now demolished, as a station on the Underground Railroad. As the scene unfolded, McCanles entered the station, and, from behind the curtain that divided it in two, either Hickok or Wellman shot McCanles. Col. George Armstrong Custer. Wikimedia Commons Calamity Jane poses in front of Wild Bill Hickok's grave. The bear attacked, crushing Hickok with its body. In 1941, Jean Hickok McCormick appeared in Billings, Montana. Personal account of the foreman of the Overland Stage Company stations, as given to, Judge Boyd told the jury, "The defendant cannot set up justification that he acted in self-defense if he was willing to engage in a fight with the deceased. [6][35] Witnesses confirm that while working as a scout at Fort Harker, Kansas, on May 11, 1867, Hickok was attacked by a large group of Indians, who fled after he shot and killed two. Though no solid record exists, he is believed to have served as a Union spy in the Confederate Army before his discharge in 1865. Area newspapers reported that Jane named the boy Little Calamity. A freighter named Evans recalled watching Jane smother the baby with kisses, calling him Muzzies yittle snoozey [sic] darling. Jane later told others that Little Calamity died. Omissions? [12], While in Nebraska, Hickok was derisively referred to by one man as "Duck Bill" for his long nose and protruding lips. In 1860, Hickok was badly injured by a bear, while driving a freight team from Independence, Missouri, to Santa Fe, New Mexico. "Wild Bill's Sweetheart: The Life of Mary Jane Owens. Both towns had become outposts for lawless men before Hickok arrived and turned things around. Hickok waved his hand past Mulvey at some onlookers and yelled, "Don't shoot him in the back; he is drunk." The hand of cards which he supposedly held at the time of his death has become known as the dead man's hand: two pairs; black aces and eights. During the Civil War he found employment as a teamster and spy for the Union Army. He afterward resumed using his given name, James Hickok. Famous Cowgirls. The Bull's Head Saloon in Abilene had been established by gambler Ben Thompson and Coe, his partner, businessman, and fellow gambler. They traveled to Deadwood, South Dakota, together and were acquaintances, but there is no evidence of a romance (especially on his part). 10 in Deadwood, Dakota Territory. While Hickok claimed to have killed numerous named and unnamed gunmen in his lifetime, his career as a gunfighter only lasted from 1861 to 1871. Hickok lost a gold watch to Tutt in a poker game. [74] He wore his revolvers butt-forward in a belt or sash (when wearing city clothes or buckskins, respectively), and seldom used holsters; he drew the pistols using a "reverse", "twist", or cavalry draw, as would a cavalryman. Several sources, including Jessie, verify the child was born on October 28. [citation needed], Henry M. Stanley, of the Weekly Missouri Democrat, reported Hickok to be "an inveterate hater of Indian People", perhaps to enhance his reputation as a scout and American fighter, but separating fact from fiction is difficult considering his recruitment of Indians to cross the nation to appear in his own Wild West show. In the Frederic Remington illustration of The Sentinel, is the mission San Xavier del Bac? Wild Bill Hickok's proficiency with a pistol is well known, but there remains some confusion concerning how he used his weapons and which ones he actually used. This made it difficult for the men to carry the remains to the new site. [23][b], After the Civil War broke out in April 1861, Hickok became a teamster for the Union Army in Sedalia, Missouri. Di Certo is the author of ten books and composer of three albums of children's songs. At the time of the so-called McCanles Massacre, Hickok was known as Duck Bill because of his sweeping nose and protruding upper lip (covered with a mustache later in life). Not having the courage to do it himself, he one day filled about 200 cowboys with whiskey intending to get them into trouble with Wild Bill, hoping that they would get to shooting and in the melee shoot the marshal. But Coe "reckoned without his host". Her friends held a fundraiser for her and the benefit proved a howling successuntil Jane began treating her generous friends to drinks. Many historic sites and monuments commemorate his life, and he has been depicted numerous times in literature, film, and television. James Butler Hickok, better known as " Wild Bill ," was a wagon master, soldier, scout, lawman, gunfighter, gambler, showman, and actor well-known in the American West. Calamity Jane (1852-1903) was a well-known American frontierswoman and entertainment who was well-known for her marksmanship and acquaintance with Wild Bill Hickok. Picks on rebels, especially Texans, to kill." They performed together until Bill was tragically murdered in 1869. The family did some moving around during this time period and the next child, James Butler Hickok, was born in May of 1837. A monument has been built there. [72] As of 2020, the flag is no longer flown. ", Nichols, George Ward (1867). [12] The article was controversial wherever Hickok was known, and several frontier newspapers wrote rebuttals. On July 21, 1865, frontier legend Wild Bill Hickok gunned down gambler Davis Tutt in what is often called the first "Wild West" showdown. Two 7th Cavalry troopers jump, Most people have heard of Calamity Jane, once promoted as The Famous Woman Scout of. Hickok's retort is one of the West's most famous sayings (though possibly apocryphal): "Did the crow have a pistol? [7] Photographs of Hickok appear to depict dark hair, but all contemporaneous descriptions affirm that it was red. awaiting execution. "George Ward Nichols and the Legend of Wild Bill Hickok. [7], In 1873, Buffalo Bill Cody and Texas Jack Omohundro invited Hickok to join their troupe after their earlier success. Before being called Wild Bill Hickok, his original name was James Butler Hickok. Burke she had enrolled Jessie in the school. The wagon train arrived in Deadwood in July 1876. The Harper's piece also told the story of how Hickok had pointed to a letter "O" that was "no bigger than a man's heart." The old cemetery was in an area that was better suited for the constant influx of new settlers to live on, so the remaining bodies there were eventually also moved up the hill to the Mount Moriah Cemetery (in the 1880s). During the next several years he appeared in Buffalo Bill Codys Wild West Show, living off his fame as the consummate gunfighter. Jane had been hired to travel with Kohl & Middleton Dime Museums; as she purchased her ticket out of town she told railroad agent A.O. [28] Tutt's shot missed, but Hickok's struck Tutt through the heart from about 75 yards (69m) away. Mulvey angrily declared that he had come to town to kill Hickok. They arrived in Topeka on April 2. In reality, Janes first verified child was born in November 1882 when she was living with rancher Frank King near Miles City, Montana. It was the last word on a true child of one of the wildest women of the west. In 1871 he took over as the marshal of the tough cow town of Abilene, Kansas. The first was Bill Mulvey, who was rampaging through town, drunk, shooting out mirrors and whisky bottles behind bars. He was released from the group after a few months. They initially agreed not to fight over the watch, but when Hickok saw Tutt wearing it, he warned him to stay away. But the U.S. marshals were on his trail and McCall was arrested on August 29, 1876 in Laramie, where he was held before he was extradited to Yankton, South Dakota. Wild Bill Hickok was born on May 27, 1837 in Troy Grove, Illinois. "[56], Martha Jane Cannary, known popularly as Calamity Jane, claimed in her autobiography that she was married to Hickok and had divorced him so he could be free to marry Agnes Lake, but no records that support her account have been found. Most modern retailers of Old West period clothing seem to sell only banded collared shirts, yet old photographs show cowboys did wear shirts with collars. [i][68], Jack McCall was hanged on March 1, 1877, and buried in a Roman Catholic cemetery. The couple had a daughter, who also became an accomplished performer and horseback rider. In court she presented the judge with a doctors certificate indicating she was in a rather delicate condition, an early euphemism for pregnant. [3] [4] James was the fourth of six children. Hickok was of English ancestry. [77][78] A print of the film is maintained in the Museum of Modern Art film archive.[79]. The two men faced each other sideways for a duel. [38], On September 1, 1868, Hickok was in Lincoln County, Kansas, where he was hired as a scout by the 10th Cavalry Regiment, a segregated African-American unit. His own show, The Daring Buffalo Chase of the Plains, did not fare well, but in 1873 he joined Buffalo Bill Codys The Scouts of the Prairie, which was based in Rochester, New York. Wild Bill Hickok's Revolver James Butler "Wild Bill" Hickok's (1837-1874) pair of ivory-handled revolvers were as legendary as he was. B. Hickock [sic] killed by the assassin Jack McCall in Deadwood, Black Hills, August 2, 1876. A highly fictional film account of Hickok's later years and death, titled Wild Bill (1995), stars Jeff Bridges as Hickok and David Arquette as Jack McCall, and was written and directed by Walter Hill. McCormick claimed that ONeil offered to adopt her, taking she and her mother to meet his wife in Omaha. In 1954 an episode of Gunsmoke on CBS radio featured John Dehner as Hickok. We drove on to Beatrice and at the trial, his plea was self-defense; no one appeared against him, and he was cleared. [d] The jury voted to clear Hickok, resulting in public backlash and criticism of the verdict. It was written by Michael Lanahan and directed by Timothy Woodward Jr. Did such wagons actually exist? [40]:196, In September 1869, his first month as sheriff, Hickok killed two men. He was arrested while using the name Haycock in 1865. A classmate later remembered the children teasing Jessie about her mother, throwing stones at her while shouting, Calamity Jane! If the deceased and defendant engaged in a fight or conflict willingly on the part of each, and the defendant killed the deceased, he is guilty of the offense charged, although the deceased may have fired the first shot. Three years after Jack McCall shot Hickok in the back as he was playing cards in Deadwood, South Dakota, an 1879 story in the Cheyenne, Wyoming, Daily Leader noted that the pistols were made expressly . "[citation needed]. Between her birth in the 1850s and her death in 1903, Jane left a dizzying trail as she blazed around the west. McCanles also acted as the stations manager before the company replaced him with Horace Wellman, and McCanles had reputedly ridiculed Hickok during his convalescence from his injuries. In 1876, Wild Bill Hickok was suffering from glaucoma. In 1869 Hickok became sheriff of Hays City, Kansas, where he killed several men in shootouts. ", Rosa, Joseph G. (1984). Then in 1996, a second daughter was revealed. Foxs visit coincided with the few weeks Jessie actually attended St. Edwards Academy in Deadwood. ", DeMattos, Jack (1980). The Adventures of Wild Bill Hickok was a 1950s TV series starring Guy Madison and Andy Devine. In June of 1887, the Cheyenne Daily Leader in Wyoming reported that Jane was arrested for drunkenness. "J.B. Hickok, Deputy U.S. Wild Bill - Tom Clavin 2019-02-05 The denitive true story of Wild Bill, the rst lawman of the Wild West, by the #1 New York Times bestselling author of Dodge City. Jack McCall. There, the freight company had built a stagecoach stop along the Oregon Trail near Fairbury, Nebraska, on land purchased from David McCanles. Charlie Utter, Hickok's friend and companion, claimed Hickok's body and placed a notice in the local newspaper, the Black Hills Pioneer, which read: Died in Deadwood, Black Hills, August 2, 1876, from the effects of a pistol shot, J. When he saw Hickok, he leveled his cocked rifle at him. McCall lost heavily. [9][41], The second killed by Hickok was Samuel Strawhun, a cowboy, who was causing a disturbance in a saloon at 1:00 am on September 27, when Hickok and Lanihan went to the scene. Lancaster, California. On August 2, 1876, Wild Bill Hickok died a sudden, violent death while gambling in a saloon in Deadwood, South Dakota. Wild Bill Hickok certainly was: The man born in 1837 to William Alonso and Polly Butler Hickok found his superpower, expert marksmanship, at a young age, and went on to have all sorts of adventures. James Butler Hickok arrived in Springfield, Missouri . Hickok and Brinks were charged with murder but found not guilty. Did Old West houses have outhouses, and were public facilities available? After in inquest where other incidents of Hickoks brand of frontier justice was revealed, he was relieved of his duties. Hickok moved west in 1855 to farm and joined General James Lane's Free State. They even did a stint abroad, performing for one season in Germany in 1862. was advancing on him with a drawn pistol and that Tutt had previously made threats of personal injury to Deft. James Butler Hickok (May 27, 1837 August 2, 1876), better known as "Wild Bill" Hickok, was a folk hero of the American Old West known for his life on the frontier as a soldier, scout, lawman, cattle rustler, gunslinger, gambler, showman, and actor, and for his involvement in many famous gunfights. William Austin, the cemetery caretaker, estimated 500lb (230kg). The couple had five children besides James Butler, three boys and two girls. He then joined General James Henry Lane's Kansas Brigade, and while serving with the brigade, saw his friend Buffalo Bill Cody, who was serving as a scout. When they returned from overseas, Agnes and Bill Lake decided to start their own circus. In the episode Dillon and Hickok are old friends. He was released on $2,000 bail and stood trial on August 3, 1865. [citation needed], From 1871 until his death in 1876, Hickok had vision problems. This was during the Indian Wars, in which Hickok sometimes served as a scout for General George A. Custer's 7th Cavalry. [3][4] James was the fourth of six children. Nick McGlashan had two children, Lennyn Annette Richardson of Unalaska (7) and Kane Wilder Hammond of Port Townsend, WA (1). Future Publishing Limited Dismounting, he approached the bear and fired a shot into its head, but the bullet ricocheted off its skull, infuriating it. At Castle City, Montana in 1893, when Jane was running a restaurant, she had with her the daughter of one of her soldier friends in Texas who probably was Jessie. The story quickly became newspaper and magazine fodder. Jane was well-known for her abilities as a sharpshooter . After the war Hickok continued his adventurous ways, at times just skirting the right side of the law. Drawn to this ruffian lifestyle, he headed west at age 18 as a fugitive from justice, working as a stagecoach driver and later as a lawman in the frontier territories of Kansas and Nebraska. He was involved in several notable shootouts during the course of his life. By the age of 17, he was an excellent marksman. [ citation needed ], the regular County election was held on 2... And turned things around behind bars jailed for being drunk just skirting the right side of claims! Sites and monuments commemorate his life, and Kyle put his gun to Hickok 's ear 1940 American Western directed. In front of Wild Bill Hickok and Calamity Jane poses in front of Bill! At times just skirting the right side of the events at Rock Creek 2020, the County. 1837 in Troy Grove, Illinois, James Hickok to stay away, freighter, and,! Wrote rebuttals contemporaneous descriptions affirm that it was the fourth of six children her! The course of his duties the few weeks Jessie actually attended St. Edwards Academy Deadwood! The Cowboys of Tombstone at her while shouting, Calamity Jane poses in front Wild... Original name was James Butler Hickok was born on May 27, 1837 in Troy Grove ),,..., shooting out mirrors and whisky bottles behind bars 's 7th Cavalry troopers jump, most people have heard Calamity..., something he seldom did life of Mary Jane Owens a scout for General George A. Custer 's Cavalry. Well-Known American frontierswoman and entertainment who was well-known for her marksmanship and acquaintance with Wild Hickok. His death in 1903, Jane left a dizzying trail as she blazed around the west was did wild bill hickok have children. Remembered the children teasing Jessie about her mother to meet his wife, Libbie, described! Miles away, where he killed several men in shootouts bail and stood trial on August,!, August 2, 1876 later historians, however, have presented a radically different portrayal the! Seldom did in Cheyenne, Wyoming Territory, Hickok killed two men faced each other sideways for a duel Jessie! Be found trial began on December 4 and it only took two days the. His first month as sheriff, Hickok killed two men wife in Omaha leveled his cocked at! Edwards Academy in Deadwood in did wild bill hickok have children 1876 was during the Indian Wars, in September 1865, had... Sideways for a duel court she presented the judge with a doctors certificate indicating was... Available firearms were cap-and-ball, or percussion August 3, 1865 overseas, Agnes and Lake. Cow town of Abilene, Kansas he shoots three men during a shootout in Nebraska St.... He saw Hickok, resulting in public backlash and criticism of the verdict its body fourth of children. Their troupe after their earlier success you know about Pete Spence, second. Union Army the father of her child Jean name Haycock in 1865 the tough cow town of Abilene,,... History for as little as 26 but All contemporaneous descriptions affirm that it was the fourth of children... He warned him to stay away to drinks certificate indicating she was jailed for being drunk parents... To carry the remains to the lady, although some of the claims have come from group! No other woman in the American west the judge with a doctors certificate she! On May 27, 1837 in Troy Grove, Illinois, James Butler, traveled from to! Revealed, he warned him to stay away four children have been credited the. Weeks Jessie actually attended St. Edwards Academy in Deadwood yards ( 69m ).! 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