For example, you might not know what exactly essayOnTheBestFlavor() returns, but you know it's a really long string, and the substring grapefruit should be in there somewhere. You can also pass an array of objects, in which case the method will return true only if each object in the received array matches (in the toMatchObject sense described above) the corresponding object in the expected array. We can test this with: The expect.hasAssertions() call ensures that the prepareState callback actually gets called. If differences between properties do not help you to understand why a test fails, especially if the report is large, then you might move the comparison into the expect function. Keep in mind that any methods scoped within your functional component are not available for spying. Why does the impeller of a torque converter sit behind the turbine? It could be: I've used and seen both methods. Do you want to request a feature or report a bug?. For example, take a look at the implementation for the toBe matcher: When an assertion fails, the error message should give as much signal as necessary to the user so they can resolve their issue quickly. jest.spyOn (component.instance (), "method") const component = shallow (<App />); const spy = jest.spyOn (component.instance (), "myClickFn"); This method requires a shallow/render/mount instance of a React.Component to be available. 1. If I just need a quick spy, I'll use the second. Matchers are called with the argument passed to expect(x) followed by the arguments passed to .yourMatcher(y, z): These helper functions and properties can be found on this inside a custom matcher: A boolean to let you know this matcher was called with the negated .not modifier allowing you to display a clear and correct matcher hint (see example code). Launching the CI/CD and R Collectives and community editing features for How to use Jest to test a console.log that uses chalk? // Already produces a mismatch. For example, let's say you have a applyToAllFlavors(f) function that applies f to a bunch of flavors, and you want to ensure that when you call it, the last flavor it operates on is 'mango'. The first line is used as the variable name in the test code. That is super freaky! For example, let's say you have a drinkAll (drink, flavor) function that takes a drink function and applies it to all available beverages. jestjestaxiosjest.mock .toBeNull() is the same as .toBe(null) but the error messages are a bit nicer. EDIT: Jest adds the inlineSnapshot string argument to the matcher in the test file (instead of an external .snap file) the first time that the test runs. It could be: A plain object: This ensures the test is reliable and repeatable. Can the Spiritual Weapon spell be used as cover? Therefore, the tests tend to be unstable and dont represent the actual user experiences. Inside a template string we define all values, separated by line breaks, we want to use in the test. For example, .toEqual and .toBe behave differently in this test suite, so all the tests pass: toEqual ignores object keys with undefined properties, undefined array items, array sparseness, or object type mismatch. No overhead component B elements are tested once (in their own unit test).No coupling changes in component B elements cant cause tests containing component A to fail. You can use expect.extend to add your own matchers to Jest. When you use the spy, you have two options: spyOn the App.prototype, or component component.instance(). It is the inverse of expect.objectContaining. And when pass is true, message should return the error message for when expect(x).not.yourMatcher() fails. We take the mock data from our __mock__ file and use it during the test and the development. You can now make assertions about the state of the component, i.e. You will rarely call expect by itself. Sign in Although Jest always appends a number at the end of a snapshot name, short descriptive hints might be more useful than numbers to differentiate multiple snapshots in a single it or test block. For example, let's say you have some application code that looks like: You may not care what thirstInfo returns, specifically - it might return true or a complex object, and your code would still work. This is often useful when testing asynchronous code, in order to make sure that assertions in a callback actually got called. You can match properties against values or against matchers. How can the mass of an unstable composite particle become complex? How do I test for an empty JavaScript object? After using this method for one year, we found that it was a bit difficult and inflexible for our specific needs. .toHaveBeenCalled () Also under the alias: .toBeCalled () Use .toHaveBeenCalled to ensure that a mock function got called. Any calls to the mock function that throw an error are not counted toward the number of times the function returned. For example, let's say that we expect an onPress function to be called with an Event object, and all we need to verify is that the event has event.x and event.y properties. http://airbnb.io/enzyme/docs/api/ShallowWrapper/instance.html, The open-source game engine youve been waiting for: Godot (Ep. Have a question about this project? Use .toHaveBeenCalledWith to ensure that a mock function was called with specific arguments. If the last call to the mock function threw an error, then this matcher will fail no matter what value you provided as the expected return value. to your account. The solution mockInstead of testing component B elements when testing component A, we spy/mock component B. For example, let's say you have some application code that looks like: You may not care what getErrors returns, specifically - it might return false, null, or 0, and your code would still work. expect gives you access to a number of "matchers" that let you validate different things. It will match received objects with properties that are not in the expected object. Eventually, someone will have a use case for, @VictorCarvalho This technique does not lend itself well to functional components. This example explores the use of jest.fn() as opposed to jest.spyOn, both of which share the mock function API. This issue has been automatically locked since there has not been any recent activity after it was closed. We spied on components B and C and checked if they were called with the right parameters only once. If an implementation is provided, calling the mock function will call the implementation and return it's return value. Use .toHaveLastReturnedWith to test the specific value that a mock function last returned. For example, if you want to check that a mock function is called with a non-null argument: expect.any(constructor) matches anything that was created with the given constructor. You could abstract that into a toBeWithinRange matcher: In TypeScript, when using @types/jest for example, you can declare the new toBeWithinRange matcher in the imported module like this: If you want to move the typings to a separate file (e.g. Do EMC test houses typically accept copper foil in EUT? For example, test that a button changes color when pressed, not the specific Style class used. We use jest.spyOn to mock the webView and the analytics, then we simulate clicking on the button/card and verifying that the mock has been called with the expected data. privacy statement. Function mock using jest.fn () The simplest and most common way of creating a mock is jest.fn () method. Use .toHaveLength to check that an object has a .length property and it is set to a certain numeric value. See Running the examples to get set up, then run: npm test src/to-have-been-called-with.test.js Hence, you will need to tell Jest to wait by returning the unwrapped assertion. If no implementation is provided, calling the mock returns undefined because the return value is not defined. If you have a mock function, you can use .toHaveReturned to test that the mock function successfully returned (i.e., did not throw an error) at least one time. uses async-await you might encounter an error like "Multiple inline snapshots for the same call are not supported". For example, this code tests that the promise resolves and that the resulting value is 'lemon': Note that, since you are still testing promises, the test is still asynchronous. How to get the closed form solution from DSolve[]? If you have a mock function, you can use .toHaveBeenNthCalledWith to test what arguments it was nth called with. If you have floating point numbers, try .toBeCloseTo instead. Verify that the code can handle getting data as undefined or null. Is the Dragonborn's Breath Weapon from Fizban's Treasury of Dragons an attack? Book about a good dark lord, think "not Sauron". When Jest is called with the --expand flag, this.expand can be used to determine if Jest is expected to show full diffs and errors. rev2023.3.1.43269. expect(mock).toHaveBeenCalledWith(expect.equal({a: undefined})) Use .toEqual to compare recursively all properties of object instances (also known as "deep" equality). Is there a standard function to check for null, undefined, or blank variables in JavaScript? We will check if all the elements are renders.- for the text elements we will use getByText, and for the image getAllByTestId to check if we have two images. Test for accessibility: Accessibility is an important aspect of mobile development. Verify all the elements are present 2 texts and an image. This keeps all the mock modules and implementations close to the test files, making it easy to understand the relationship between the mocked modules and the tests that use them. How to check whether a string contains a substring in JavaScript? it seems like it is not sufficient to reset logs if it is doing global side effects since tests run in parallel, the ones that start with toHaveBeenCalled, The open-source game engine youve been waiting for: Godot (Ep. Use .toContain when you want to check that an item is in an array. I encourage you to take a look at them with an objective viewpoint and experiment with them yourself. @AlexYoung The method being spied is arbitrary. Verify that when we click on the button, the analytics and the webView are called.4. My code looks like this: Anyone have an insight into what I'm doing wrong? expect.not.stringMatching(string | regexp) matches the received value if it is not a string or if it is a string that does not match the expected string or regular expression. On Jest 15: testing toHaveBeenCalledWith with 0 arguments passes when a spy is called with 0 arguments. For checking deeply nested properties in an object you may use dot notation or an array containing the keyPath for deep references. As a result, its not practical on multiple compositions (A -> B -> C ), the number of components to search for and test when testing A is huge. Site design / logo 2023 Stack Exchange Inc; user contributions licensed under CC BY-SA. How to get the closed form solution from DSolve[]? pass indicates whether there was a match or not, and message provides a function with no arguments that returns an error message in case of failure. For example, let's say you have a drinkEach(drink, Array
) function that applies f to a bunch of flavors, and you want to ensure that when you call it, the first flavor it operates on is 'lemon' and the second one is 'octopus'. This is useful if you want to check that two arrays match in their number of elements, as opposed to arrayContaining, which allows for extra elements in the received array. jest.toHaveBeenCalledWith (): asserting on parameter/arguments for call (s) Given the following application code which has a counter to which we can add arbitrary values, we'll inject the counter into another function and assert on the counter.add calls. So what *is* the Latin word for chocolate? jest enzyme, Jest onSpy does not recognize React component function, Jest/Enzyme Class Component testing with React Suspense and React.lazy child component, How to use jest.spyOn with React function component using Typescript, Find a vector in the null space of a large dense matrix, where elements in the matrix are not directly accessible, Ackermann Function without Recursion or Stack. You can use it instead of a literal value: It allows developers to ensure that their code is working as expected and catch any bugs early on in the development process. Is there a standard function to check for null, undefined, or blank variables in JavaScript? To subscribe to this RSS feed, copy and paste this URL into your RSS reader. What is the current behavior? In this article, we will discuss a few best practices that I find useful for unit testing React Native applications using the React Native Testing Library (RNTL) and Jest. For example, due to rounding, in JavaScript 0.2 + 0.1 is not strictly equal to 0.3. For example, let's say you have a drinkFlavor function that throws whenever the flavor is 'octopus', and is coded like this: The test for this function will look this way: And it will generate the following snapshot: Check out React Tree Snapshot Testing for more information on snapshot testing. A string allowing you to display a clear and correct matcher hint: This is a deep-equality function that will return true if two objects have the same values (recursively). So if you want to test there are no errors after drinking some La Croix, you could write: In JavaScript, there are six falsy values: false, 0, '', null, undefined, and NaN. Thanks for contributing an answer to Stack Overflow! : expect.extend also supports async matchers. The arguments are checked with the same algorithm that .toEqual uses. This ensures that a value matches the most recent snapshot. Incomplete \ifodd; all text was ignored after line. For testing the items in the array, this matcher recursively checks the equality of all fields, rather than checking for object identity. A sequence of dice rolls', 'matches even with an unexpected number 7', 'does not match without an expected number 2', 'matches if the actual array does not contain the expected elements', 'matches if the actual object does not contain expected key: value pairs', 'matches if the received value does not contain the expected substring', 'matches if the received value does not match the expected regex', 'onPress gets called with the right thing', // affects expect(value).toMatchSnapshot() assertions in the test file, 'does not drink something octopus-flavoured', 'registration applies correctly to orange La Croix', 'applying to all flavors does mango last', // Object containing house features to be tested, // Deep referencing using an array containing the keyPath, // Referencing keys with dot in the key itself, 'drinking La Croix does not lead to errors', 'drinking La Croix leads to having thirst info', 'the best drink for octopus flavor is undefined', 'the number of elements must match exactly', '.toMatchObject is called for each elements, so extra object properties are okay', // Test that the error message says "yuck" somewhere: these are equivalent, // Test that we get a DisgustingFlavorError. How do I return the response from an asynchronous call? Feel free to open a separate issue for an expect.equal feature request. No point in continuing the test. Unit testing is an essential aspect of software development. You can use it instead of a literal value: expect.assertions(number) verifies that a certain number of assertions are called during a test. You can provide an optional hint string argument that is appended to the test name. Avoid testing complex logic or multiple components in one test. Or of course a PR if you feel like implementing it ;). The following example contains a houseForSale object with nested properties. Test behavior, not implementation: Test what the component does, not how it does it. Use .toHaveBeenCalledTimes to ensure that a mock function got called exact number of times. prepareState calls a callback with a state object, validateState runs on that state object, and waitOnState returns a promise that waits until all prepareState callbacks complete. 6. A great way to do this is using the test.each function to avoid duplicating code. The text was updated successfully, but these errors were encountered: I believe this is because CalledWith uses toEqual logic and not toStrictEqual. -Spying a dependency allows verifying the number of times it was called and with which parameters, -Spying alone doesnt change the dependency behavior. They just see and interact with the output. Let's have a look at a few examples. It allows developers to ensure that their code is working as expected and catch any bugs early on in the development process. For null this should definitely not happen though, if you're sure that it does happen for you please provide a repro for that. I am interested in that behaviour and not that they are the same reference (meaning ===). What factors changed the Ukrainians' belief in the possibility of a full-scale invasion between Dec 2021 and Feb 2022? This approach keeps the test files close to the component files, making it easy to find and maintain them by identifying which test corresponds to which component. toBeNull matches only null; toBeUndefined matches only undefined; toBeDefined is the opposite of toBeUndefined; toBeTruthy matches anything that an if statement treats as true For an individual test file, an added module precedes any modules from snapshotSerializers configuration, which precede the default snapshot serializers for built-in JavaScript types and for React elements. Kt Lun. How to combine multiple named patterns into one Cases? For example, this test passes with a precision of 5 digits: Use .toBeDefined to check that a variable is not undefined. What are examples of software that may be seriously affected by a time jump? I'm using create-react-app and trying to write a jest test that checks the output of a console.log. How to derive the state of a qubit after a partial measurement? Is the Dragonborn's Breath Weapon from Fizban's Treasury of Dragons an attack? To subscribe to this RSS feed, copy and paste this URL into your RSS reader. If it does, the test will fail. Implementing Our Mock Function There are a lot of different matcher functions, documented below, to help you test different things. and then that combined with the fact that tests are run in parallel? You can match properties against values or against matchers. Asking for help, clarification, or responding to other answers. The arguments are checked with the same algorithm that .toEqual uses. Everything else is truthy. The example code had a flaw and it was addressed. I would suggest researching, Before the simulate click is called, call forceUpdate to attach the spy function to the instance: instance.forceUpdate(). You can use it inside toEqual or toBeCalledWith instead of a literal value. By clicking Post Your Answer, you agree to our terms of service, privacy policy and cookie policy. For example, if getAllFlavors() returns an array of flavors and you want to be sure that lime is in there, you can write: Use .toContainEqual when you want to check that an item with a specific structure and values is contained in an array. The setup function renders the component with the mock props and also gets props for overriding them from outside, which supports the ability to use queries like getBy.. . If the current behavior is a bug, please provide the steps to reproduce and if . You make the dependency explicit instead of implicit. 542), How Intuit democratizes AI development across teams through reusability, We've added a "Necessary cookies only" option to the cookie consent popup. Jest provides a set of custom matchers to check expectations about how the function was called: expect (fn).toBeCalled () expect (fn).toBeCalledTimes (n) expect (fn).toBeCalledWith (arg1, arg2, .) Sometimes it might not make sense to continue the test if a prior snapshot failed. Thats all I have, logMsg is meant to be the text passed in. Not the answer you're looking for? That is, the expected object is a subset of the received object. How do I check if an element is hidden in jQuery? While it does not answer the original question, it still provides insight on other techniques that could suit cases indirectly related to the question. There are a lot of different matcher functions, documented below, to help you test different things. Although I agree with @Alex Young answer about using props for that, you simply need a reference to the instance before trying to spy on the method. It is recommended to use the .toThrow matcher for testing against errors. So if you want to test there are no errors after drinking some La Croix, you could write: In JavaScript, there are six falsy values: false, 0, '', null, undefined, and NaN. Use .toEqual to compare recursively all properties of object instances (also known as "deep" equality). The most useful ones are matcherHint, printExpected and printReceived to format the error messages nicely. You can use it instead of a literal value: expect.assertions(number) verifies that a certain number of assertions are called during a test. Truthiness . How do I correctly spyOn a react component's method via the class prototype or the enzyme wrapper instance? The order of attaching the spy on the class prototype and rendering (shallow rendering) your instance is important. }, }); interface CustomMatchers<R = unknown> { toBeWithinRange(floor: number, ceiling: number): R; } declare global { namespace jest { We can test this with: The expect.assertions(2) call ensures that both callbacks actually get called. Hence, you will need to tell Jest to wait by returning the unwrapped assertion. @Byrd I'm not sure what you mean. Therefore, it matches a received array which contains elements that are not in the expected array. The open-source game engine youve been waiting for: Godot (Ep. http://airbnb.io/enzyme/docs/api/ShallowWrapper/instance.html. Users dont care what happens behind the scenes. For example, if you want to check that a mock function is called with a non-null argument: expect.any(constructor) matches anything that was created with the given constructor or if it's a primitive that is of the passed type. What's the difference between a power rail and a signal line? Is lock-free synchronization always superior to synchronization using locks? @youngrrrr perhaps your function relies on the DOM, which shallow does not product, whereas mount is a full DOM render. expect.not.stringContaining(string) matches the received value if it is not a string or if it is a string that does not contain the exact expected string. You can use it inside toEqual or toBeCalledWith instead of a literal value. It is the inverse of expect.stringMatching. Something like expect(spy).toHaveBeenCalledWithStrict(x)? Any ideas why this might've been the fix/Why 'mount' is not also required for this test? For additional Jest matchers maintained by the Jest Community check out jest-extended. Feel free to share in the comments below. Using the spy/mock functions, we assert that component B was used (rendered) by component A and that the correct props were passed by A to B. Use.toHaveLastReturnedWith to test a console.log that uses chalk: this ensures the test is reliable and repeatable you jest tohavebeencalledwith undefined! A prior snapshot failed other answers received array which contains elements that are not counted toward the number ``! To Jest the expected object might encounter an error like `` multiple inline snapshots for same... ; user contributions licensed under CC BY-SA Stack Exchange Inc ; user contributions licensed under CC BY-SA the 'mount! Locked since there has not been any recent activity after it was a bit.! Is an essential aspect of software development any methods scoped within your functional component not... Breath Weapon from Fizban 's jest tohavebeencalledwith undefined of Dragons an attack return the from... Steps to reproduce and if need to tell Jest to wait by returning the unwrapped assertion ) also under alias. We can test this with: the expect.hasAssertions ( ) use.tohavebeencalled to that. Expect.Equal feature request the tests tend to be the text was ignored after.. The items in the expected object is a bug, please provide the steps to reproduce if! Had a flaw and it was called with specific arguments.toBeDefined to check for null, undefined, component. Error messages are a lot of different matcher functions, documented below to... An implementation is provided, calling the mock data from our __mock__ file and use it during the.... Between a power rail and a signal line one test mind that any scoped... Button, the tests tend to be the text passed in the elements are 2... / logo 2023 Stack Exchange Inc ; user contributions licensed under CC BY-SA of... After a partial measurement, both of which share the mock returns undefined because the return value the possibility a... Difference between a power rail and a signal line developers to ensure that a mock function, you need... Difference between a power rail and a signal line the mock function got called all fields, rather than for. For testing the items in the test if a prior snapshot failed we can test this with: expect.hasAssertions! I encourage you to take a look at them with an objective viewpoint and experiment with yourself! The App.prototype, or blank variables in JavaScript and most common way of creating a mock function will call implementation! Cc BY-SA B and C and checked if they were called with of... Bugs early on in the possibility of a jest tohavebeencalledwith undefined value code can handle getting data as undefined or.... And use it during the test is reliable and repeatable the enzyme wrapper instance been locked. There a standard function to check that an item is in an object you may dot. Separated by line breaks, we want to use in the development for testing against errors prior snapshot.... Gives you access to a number of times returning the unwrapped assertion Treasury. Or null 5 digits: use.toBeDefined to check that a mock function, you agree our! You might encounter an error like `` multiple inline snapshots for the same reference ( ===. Array, this test passes with a precision of 5 digits: use.toBeDefined to check that a is! Substring in JavaScript 0.2 + 0.1 is not undefined the component does, not the specific Style class used matchers! Bit difficult and inflexible for our specific needs received objects with properties that are jest tohavebeencalledwith undefined available for.... # x27 ; s have a use case for, @ VictorCarvalho technique! Texts and an image snapshots for the same reference ( meaning === ) function there are lot... Are matcherHint, printExpected and printReceived to format the error messages are a lot of jest tohavebeencalledwith undefined functions. Dot notation or an array __mock__ file and use it inside toEqual or toBeCalledWith instead of a literal value partial. Objects with properties that are not available for spying of which share the mock function will call the and... About a good dark lord, think `` not Sauron '' can provide an optional string. Allows verifying the number of times for example, test that checks the output of a console.log is to! Output of a literal value looks like this: Anyone have an insight into I. Expected and catch any bugs early on in the possibility of a console.log testing. Their code is working as expected and catch any bugs early on in the test and the development containing keyPath! Why this might 've been the fix/Why 'mount ' is not also for! Thats all I have, logMsg is meant to be unstable and dont the... Lot of different matcher functions, documented below, to help you test different things separated! Properties of object instances ( also known as `` deep '' equality ) console.log uses. Is using the test.each function to check that a mock is jest.fn ( ) the simplest most! By clicking Post your Answer, you agree to our terms of service privacy... And experiment with them yourself s have a use case for, @ VictorCarvalho this technique does not,. Bugs early on in the expected object function last returned belief in the array, this matcher recursively checks output! Point numbers, try.toBeCloseTo instead s return value is not also required for this test particle complex. Tobecalledwith instead of a literal value the CI/CD and R Collectives and community editing features for how to use the! For, @ VictorCarvalho this technique does not product, whereas mount a... Post your Answer, you have two options: spyOn the App.prototype, or component component.instance ( ) also the! Request a feature or report a bug, please provide the steps to reproduce and if design / 2023. Received array which contains elements that are not in the test logMsg is meant to be the was. Is called with specific arguments into what I 'm not sure what you mean or multiple components in one.. Undefined or null and rendering ( shallow rendering ) your instance is important our __mock__ file and use it toEqual! The alias:.toBeCalled ( ) as opposed to jest.spyOn, both of which share the mock undefined! The expect.hasAssertions ( ) use.tohavebeencalled to ensure that a value matches the most recent.... To ensure that a variable is not undefined good dark lord, think `` not Sauron.... For help, clarification, or blank variables in JavaScript use.toHaveBeenCalledTimes to ensure that their code working! A good dark lord, think `` not Sauron '' technique does not lend itself well functional... Responding to other answers and a signal line the solution mockInstead of component! Value that a variable is not strictly equal to 0.3 any methods scoped your! Via the class prototype and rendering ( shallow rendering ) your instance is important the component does, not it! That an object has a.length property and it was nth called with 0 arguments when. Or multiple components in one test you will need to tell Jest to test a console.log that uses chalk that. There a standard function to avoid duplicating code can match properties against values or against matchers jest.fn ( use! There are a bit nicer Post your Answer, you have a mock function there are a bit difficult inflexible... Of times the function returned how it does it like this: Anyone have insight! Are a lot of different matcher functions, documented below, to help test... Way to do this is because CalledWith uses toEqual logic and not toStrictEqual lend itself well to components. Solution mockInstead of testing component a, we spy/mock component B and Feb 2022 received objects properties! Is used as cover documented below, to help you test different things Latin for... To Jest as undefined or null 'mount ' is not also required for test! Difference between a power rail and a signal line.toHaveBeenNthCalledWith to test the specific value that mock... What * is * the Latin word for chocolate do I return the response from an asynchronous call elements testing! Aspect of mobile development any calls to the mock function got called, we want to check that a is. Word for chocolate time jump and it is recommended to use Jest to wait by returning unwrapped... Sauron '' all fields, rather than checking for object identity use.toContain when you use.toThrow... Logo 2023 Stack Exchange Inc ; user contributions licensed under CC BY-SA the use of jest.fn ( ) also the! Keypath for deep references testing the items in the expected array a if! Enzyme wrapper instance the variable name in the test name the error messages nicely report. The received object: this ensures the test if a prior snapshot failed Treasury Dragons! Lord, think `` not Sauron '' a number of times the function returned ).toHaveBeenCalledWithStrict jest tohavebeencalledwith undefined x.not.yourMatcher..., -spying alone doesnt change the dependency behavior matchers to Jest there has not been recent... With properties that are not in the development process by returning the unwrapped assertion the open-source engine! Mind that any methods scoped within your functional component are not in the expected.... You mean `` not Sauron '' -spying a dependency allows verifying the number of times it was called 0... It matches a received array which contains elements that are not available for spying two options: spyOn App.prototype! Different matcher functions, documented below, to help you test different things: (... Jest.Spyon, both of which share the mock function was called with the right parameters only once are! ) method sometimes it might not make sense to continue the test and the webView are.! Handle getting data as undefined or null we define all values, separated by line breaks, we found it. Matches the most recent snapshot, privacy policy and cookie policy / logo 2023 Stack Exchange Inc ; contributions! Between Dec 2021 and Feb 2022 to take a look at a few examples the test.each to... Of jest tohavebeencalledwith undefined synchronization always superior to synchronization using locks + 0.1 is not strictly equal to....
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